McAdoo, William G., 9:299n, 546n; as Director General of Railroads, 320n, 366, 382n, 494, 505n; General Order No. 27, 320n, 505n; and Pan-American financial conference, 9n; letter to, 5-8

McCabe, Robert C., wire to, 477

McCarthy, Frank H.,* 542n; letter from, 541-42

McChord, Charles, 320n

McClory, Joseph E.,* 265, 266n, 370

McCormack, George B., 288, 288n

McCoy, Edwin T., 321, 323n; letter from, 336-39

McCreash, Timothy A., 213-14, 218n

McCurdy, Robert, 359

McDermott, John A., 329, 330n

MacDonald, James R., 445, 446-47n, 522

McEnerney, Mary, 83n; wire from, 81-82

McGrady, Edward F., 77n, 266n; letter to, 76-77

McGuire, James, 434n

Machinists, International Association of,* 21n, 502n; jurisdiction of, 505, 505n; organizers, 187-88, 189n; strike, 1917 (Michigan Central Railroad, threatened), 187-88, 189n

McIntyre, Frank, 9:74n, 438n

McKees Rocks steel plants, 170, 170n

McKillop, Daniel P., 468, 470n, 472n

McLaughlin, John P., 165, 166n

McLeod, Duncan, 228n, 273

McNab, Gavin, 209n

McWade, Robert M., 189n, 371, 372n

Macy, V. Everit, 52n, 220-21, 221n, 318n, 361, 363n

Madsen, John A., 137n, 476; wire from, 137

Magnes, Judah L., 94n; wire from, 93

Mahany, Rowland, 62n

Mahon, William D.,* 33-35, 38n; elected AFL vice-president, 475

Maintenance of Way Employes and Railway Shop Laborers, United Brotherhood of, 9:*, 431n

Maisel, Robert, 128n, 162-63n, 236, 241n; and creation of American Alliance for Labor and Democracy, 156-57n, 160n; letters to, 161-62, 225-28, 382-83

Maloney, Elizabeth, 82n; wire from, 81-82

Mammoth Vein Coal Co., 323n

Mark Cowen and Co., strike against (1917), 336n

Marsh, Ernest P.,* 154, 154-55n, 195, 195n, 262

Marshall, Leon, 304-6, 306n

Martin, Franklin, 21n, 103n

Martin, Thomas S., 8:493n, 366-67

Martinez, Vincente, 256, 257n

Mary of Teck, 563, 567n

Massachusetts, and labor standards, maintenance of, 76, 77n

Massachusetts state constitutional convention, 161n

Maurer, James H.,* 241n; letter from, 240-41

Maximalists, 275

Maxwell Motor Co., 365

Meat Cutters and Butcher Workmen of North America, Amalgamated,* 218n, 280n, 403-4; local 634 (Denver), 214, 218n

Meatpacking arbitration hearings, 280n, 363n

Menocal y Deop, Mario G., 71, 72n, 256, 257n

Merchants', Manufacturers', and Employers' Patriotic League of America, 183

Mexican Federation of Labor, 545

Mexican workers, in U.S., 164-66, 166n; organization of, 265, 266n

Mexico: German intrigues with, 34-35, 38n; U.S. war with, threatened (1916), 10

Michigan Central Railroad, strike against (1917, threatened), 187-88, 189n

Michigan Stove Co., strike against (1918-19), 447-49, 449n

Miles, Herbert E., 483, 484n

Miller, Cyrus, letter from, 324-26

Miller, Louis E., 156, 157n, 162

Mine, Mill, and Smelter Workers, International Union of,* 126n, 169n, 430, 502n; strike, 1917 (copper miners, Ariz.), 125, 126n, 148-49, 167-68, 259, 262, 301, 321, 323-24n, 336-39

Miners, Western Federation of, 169n. See also Mine, Mill, and Smelter Workers, International Union of

Mine Workers of America, United,* 22, 23n, 78, 430, 435; convention, 1918 (Indianapolis), 347, 350n; and Coronado case, 322, 323n; District 15 (Colorado), 409n; District 20 (Alabama), 288n; District 21 (Arkansas), 323n; District 26 (Nova Scotia), 308n; and Hitchman case, 285-86, 287n, 322, 323n, 351, 372; and immigrant miners, organization of, 78; jurisdiction of, 408-9, 409n; and Mine Workers of America, Independent Union of, 408-9, 409n; strikes: 1909-10 (Cape Breton, Canada), 307, 308n; 1917 (Alabama, threatened), 287-88, 288n; 1917 (copper miners, N.Mex.), 167, 169n; 1918 (Cape Breton, threatened), 307-8, 308n

Mine Workers of America, Independent Union of, 408-9, 409n

Mine Workers of Nova Scotia, Amalgamated, 308n

Minimum wage, for teachers, 438-39, 439-40n

Minneapolis Civic and Commerce Association, 240, 241n

Missanabie, 470n, 520, 523n

Mitchel, John P., 9:359n, 129-30, 132-33

Mitchell, John,* 147n, 286; letter to, 143-47

Mitchell et al. v. Hitchman Coal and Coke Co., 287n

Molders' Union of North America, International, 9:*, 502n

Monte Grappa, 562, 564, 567n

Mooney, Thomas J.,* 92, 93n, 533; general strike in behalf of, threatened, 387, 396, 420, 420n

Mooney-Billings case, 9:517-18n, 92, 92-93n, 215, 387, 387- 88n, 395-97, 397n, 420, 468-69, 470n, 497, 506, 507n, 533-34

Moore, Frederick R., 345, 350n, 421, 426, 429, 462; letter from, 461-63

Moore, John, 358n

Morris meatpacking company, 152n

Morrison, Frank,* 15n, 19, 156-57n, 241n, 305, 412n; and American Alliance for Labor and Democracy, 160n; and black workers, 371, 372n, 421, 423-24, 427-28, 430-31; and carpenters' strike, 361; Committee on Labor, Council of National Defense, 52n; elected AFL secretary, 475; and Gompers, Sadie, death of, 544-45, 546n; and meatpackers' strike, threatened, 280n, 303; at meeting of AFL Executive Council, 26, 28, 32-33; and military intelligence, collection of, 434-36, 436n; and National War Labor Board hearing, 433; and Russia, conditions in, 512n; and Sabotage Act, scope of, 449n; and steelworkers' organizing campaign, 478-79; and "Stockholm" movement, 104; and timber industry, 295, 296n; letters to, 119, 176-77, 405-6, 415-16, 434-36, 447-49, 491-92, 528-29, 538-42; wire from, 245; wire to, 137

Morrison, John, 7:*, 549; letters to, 244, 484

Mosses, William, 309n

Moton, Robert R., 331, 331n, 345, 358-59, 421, 428, 462

Mott, John R., 310, 312n

Mountain Timber Co. v. State of Washington, 143, 147n

Moyer, Charles H.,* 126n; letter from, 516-18; letters to, 167-69, 516-18; wires from, 125-26, 167; wire to, 167

Mulback, John, 186n

Mulready, Edwin, 366n

Munroe, James, 49n

Murray, Arthur C., 332, 333n

Murray, John, 9:433n, 9, 181, 499n

Muskegon, Mich., Employers' Association, 187

N

Nasmyth, George, 317, 317n

National Adjustment Commission, 476, 476n

National Association of Manufacturers, 5:15n, 51, 390-91; convention, 1917 (New York City), 101, 102n

National Civic Federation, 5:218n, 15n, 389n

National Civil Liberties Bureau, 484, 485n

National Erectors' Association, 8:227n, 390

National Industrial Conference Board, 9:523n, 334, 334n, 391, 407

National Labor Defense Council, 106-7, 107n

National Labor Publicity Organization, 127, 128n, 156-57n, 226

National party, 225-27, 228n, 235-38, 357, 388, 418-19; conference, 1917 (Chicago), 225, 228, 228n, 236-37

National War Labor Board, 408n; and Birmingham, Ala., steelworkers' strike, 378n, 440-44; creation of, 334n, 408n, 490n; and New York harbor workers' strike, threatened, 382n, 432-33; and Springfield, Ill., street railway workers' strike, 263n; and telegraphers' strike, threatened, 481, 482n, 486, 515n

"Naval Holiday," 535, 537-38n

Nee, William C., 177n; letter from, 176-77

Nelson, Oscar F.,* 242, 243n, 297

Nestor, Agnes,* 82n, 97, 333n, 467, 468n; wire from, 81-82

Neutrality, SG and, 199-200

Nevin, A. Parker, 52n

New Jersey, and labor standards, maintenance of, 99

Newlands, Francis G., 9:57n, 17n

Newman, Jennie, 369n; letter from, 368-69

New Mexico copper miners' strike (1917), 167, 169n, 248

New Orleans Central Labor Union, 5:262n, 460

Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., 410n

New Republic, 356, 357n

New York Call, 394

New York Central Railroad Co. v. White, 143, 147n

New York Central Railroad Co. v. Winfield, 144, 147n

New York City and Vicinity, Central Federated Union of, 1:379n, 392-95; and People's Council of America for Democracy and Peace, 127, 127n, 156, 157n, 206, 226

New York Harbor Wage Adjustment Board of Arbitration, 381- 82n; wage awards of, 380-81, 381-82n, 434n

New York News Dealers' and Stationers' Protective Association, strike, 1918 (New York City), 335, 336n

New York Public Service Commission, 15n

New York state, and labor standards, maintenance of, 76, 77n, 99-100

New York state constitutional convention, 9:280n, 311

New York State Federation of Labor, 2:96n, 329-30n; convention, 1917 (Jamestown, N.Y.), 192, 194n; SG address before, 192, 196-207

New York State Industrial Commission, 76, 143, 146, 455

Nicaragua, 11

Nicholas II, 5:15n, 45n, 310

Nichols, William B., 404, 404n

"No Annexations, No Indemnities," as peace demands, 88-89, 90n, 93, 93n, 344, 345n

Nockels, Edward N., 6:342n, 215-17, 302-3; wire from, 5

Norfolk and Western Railway Co. v. Earnest, 143, 147n

Norfolk Central Labor Union (Colored), 177n

Norfolk Metal Trades Council, 222-23

Norfolk Navy Yard, strike at (1917), 222-23, 223n

O

Ochart, Bolivar, 313

O'Connell, James,* 52n, 305, 307n, 544; and Birmingham, Ala., steelworkers' strike, 440-41; and black workers, 421, 424-27; retirement from AFL vice-presidency, 475

O'Connell, John A., 92n; wire to, 92

O'Connor, Thomas V.,* 381n, 433, 434n, 460

Odessa, capture of, 342, 345n

Oederlin, Frederick, 543n

Office workers, AFL charter for, 469, 471n

Ogden, John W.,* 522, 524n

Olander, Victor A.,* 46-47, 48n, 131, 134n, 215; and War Labor Conference Board, 334n, 407

Open shop, 229-30, 232-34, 254n, 287n

Oregon State Federation of Labor, 490n

Orenburg, capture of, 342, 345n

Organizers, harassment of, 67-69, 69-70n, 163, 163n, 187- 89. See also, AFL organizers, harassment of

Ott, Godfrey (Gottfried) A., 92n; letter to, 91-92

Oudegeest, Jan,* 90n, 105n; cable from, 104; cable to, 104-5

Output, restriction of, 116, 340, 340n

Overman, Lee S., 412n

Overtime work, 119, 232, 454; pay for, 14n, 21n, 84n, 92, 234, 245, 246n, 280n, 281, 284n, 318n, 376, 404n, 444, 454n, 459n, 489; SG and, 83-84, 99-100, 281, 443-44, 456-59

Owen, Robert L., 310, 312n

Oxman, Frank, 92-93n

P

Pacifists: SG and, 201, 270; and war effort, 93, 93n, 193n, 258-59

Packard Motor Co., 365

Packinghouse workers, organization of, 213-16, 218n

Page, Alice Wilson (Mrs. Walter Page), 521, 524n

Page, Walter H., 521, 524n

Pages, Baltasar, 9:433n, 10-11

Painters, Decorators, and Paperhangers of America, Brotherhood of,* 449, 450n; local 596 (Tucson, Ariz.), 338, 339n; local 983 (Bisbee, Ariz.), 337, 339n

Pan-American Federation of Labor, 8, 9n, 10, 12, 499n; founding conference, 1918 (Laredo, Tex.), 545, 546n, 547

Pan-American Federation of Labor Conference Committee, 8, 9n; circular, 9-12

Pan-American Financial Conference, First (1915), 9:300n, 5

Pan-American Financial Conference, Second (1920), 5, 8n

Pan-American Labor Press: El Obrero Pan-americano, 499n

Parker, Alton B., 7:296n, 253, 372

Parker, Henry P., 103, 103n, 546n, 547

Parks, George A., 185, 186n

Pass, Joseph, 400n

Pass, Morris, 400n

Pattern Makers' League of North America,* 54n; strike, 1917 (Brooklyn, threatened), 52-53, 54n

Peace movement, 88-89, 90n, 93, 93n, 94. See also American entry into World War I, opposition to; People's Council of America for Democracy and Peace; Socialist Party of America; Socialists, in U.S., antiwar

Pearl, Emma (Mrs. Philip Pearl), 185, 186n

Pearl, Philip J., 185, 186n

Pedersen v. Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad Co., 143, 147n

Peninsular Stove Co., strike against (1918-19), 447-49, 449n

Pennsylvania, and labor standards, maintenance of, 99

Pennsylvania State Branch, AFL, 241n

Pennsylvania State Federation of Labor, 241n

People's Council of America for Democracy and Peace, 93n, 127-28n, 159-60, 161n, 241n, 258, 260-62; conference, 1917 (Chicago), 161n; conference, 1917 (New York City), 127, 128n

Pergler, Charles, 160, 161n

Perham, Henry B.,* 475, 475n

Perkins, George W.,* 243n, 264n, 297, 358n, 472, 473n; letter from, 242-43

Perry, F. J., 150n; wire from, 148

Pershing, John J., 564, 567n

Peru, 11

Peters, Andrew J., 154, 155n

Petrograd Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies, Executive Committee of the, cable to, 88-89, 89-90n

Petrograd Council of Workers' Deputies, Provisional Executive Committee of the, 45n

Phelps Dodge Copper and Coal Mining Corp., 167, 169n, 337- 39, 339n

Phillips, John R., 499n

Photo-Engravers' Union of North America, International,* 48n

Pichon, Stéphen-Jean-Marie, 541n

Piez, Charles, 360-61, 362-63n

Pitney, Mahlon, 144, 147n

Plumbers, Gas Fitters, Steam Fitters, and Steam Fitters' Helpers of the U.S. and Canada, United Association of, 8:*, 502n

Poincaré, Henriette Benucci (Mrs. Raymond Poincaré), 564-65, 567n

Poincaré, Raymond, 550, 554n, 563-65

Poindexter, Miles, 420, 420n

Poland, indemnity, 88

Political action, non-partisan, by trade unions, 258, 419

Polk, Frank, 45n, 90n

Poole, Ernest, 160, 161n

Poor, rights of, 184

Pope, Henry M., 135n; letter from, 134-35

Porter, Edwards C., 310, 312n

Portland (Ore.) Metal Trades Council, and shipbuilding workers' strike, 208-9, 209n

Post, Louis F., 9:321n, 295, 296n, 303, 306, 307n

Powderly, Terence V.,* 384, 385n

Prairie Creek Coal Co., 323n

Pratt, Edward E., 99, 102n

Preparedness, 22, 34; AFL and, 22n, 32, 39-44; and industrial reserve, 26-28; SG and, 7, 17-20, 36-38; and wartime industrial production, 23-26

President's Mediation Commission, 126n, 186n, 189n, 194-95, 195n, 205, 223-24, 225n, 248, 262, 280n, 295-96, 297n, 299, 301-3, 305, 306n, 321, 337-39, 388n, 468-69

Pressed Steel Car Co., 77

Pressmen's and Assistants' Union of North America, International Printing,* 262n

Price, Oscar A., 366, 367n

Printers' Union of North America, International Steel and Copper Plate,* 229, 231n

Profits, wartime, 26, 42, 122, 174, 203, 211-12; taxation of, 189-90, 190n

Prohibition, 236, 291n; SG and, 289-91, 363n

Pross, William L., 129n; wire to, 128-29

Provincial Workmen's Association, 308n

Provisional Committee of Duma Members for the Restoration of Order, 45n

Puerto Rico: agricultural workers' strike (1918), 314, 315- 16n, 437; conditions in, 313-14, 315n, 436-37, 438n

Puget Sound Traction, Light, and Power Co., strike against (1917), 154, 155n

Q

Quaker Oats Co., antitrust case against, 322, 323n; strike against (1917), 369n Quarry Workers' International Union of North America, 6:*, 502n

R

Rae, Robert, 337, 339n

Railroad brotherhoods, 22n, 123, 319-20, 320-21n; and Adamson Act, 15; affiliation with AFL, 249-51

Railroads, government control of, 320n, 341, 368; government ownership of, 340-41

Railroad shop crafts: conference, 1917 (Washington, D.C.), 18-19, 21n; hours of labor, 384-85

Railroad Trainmen, Brotherhood of,* 251n; jurisdiction of, 250

Railroad Wage Commission, 319, 320n

Railway Boards of Adjustment, 321n

Railway Carmen of America, Brotherhood of, 9:*, 502n

Railway Clerks, Brotherhood of,* 468n

Railway Conductors of America, Order of,* 320n

Raker, John, 471n

Rankin, Jeannette, 163n, 319-20, 320n

Reading, Lord (Rufus D. Isaacs), 520, 524n

Reames, Clarence L., 399, 400n

Reconstruction, postwar, SG and, 566. See also American Federation of Labor, reconstruction program of

"Red, White, and Blue Special," 241n

Redfield, William C. 78, 79n, 99, 101, 102n, 274

Reed, Allen, letter from, 459-60

Reed, James A., 409, 410n, 412

Reed, Verner, 195n

Reed, Willis E., 252, 254n

Republican party, 227

Ribot, Alexandre, 71, 72n

Ricker, Allen W., 181, 182n

Rickert, Thomas A.,* 151n, 334n, 407; elected AFL vice- president, 475; letter from, 150

Rigall, Edward, 93n

Riley, John, 430, 432n

Robbins, Hayes, 140, 142n

Roberts, Flournoy C., 314-15, 315n

Roberts, George H., 520, 524n

Roberts, M., 244

Robertson, Gideon D., 308n; letter from, 307-8

Robins, Margaret Dreier (Mrs. Raymond Robins), 9:235n, 218

Robins, Raymond, 509-10, 512n

Rodgers, W. H., 126n

Romania, mission to U.S., 72n

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 53, 54n, 222-23, 361, 363n; and Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 207n, 234

Roosevelt, Theodore, 1:443n; debate with SG, 129-33, 138, 139n, 142

Root, Elihu, 5:438n, 89n, 219n, 240, 311; and mission to Russia, 70-71, 71-72n, 89-90n, 120-21, 121n, 186, 191-92, 261, 311

Rosensohn, Samuel J., 365, 365n

Rosenwald, Julius, 21n, 310, 312n

Ross, Charles, 277, 279n, 411, 412n

Rubin, William B., 8:459n, 47

Ruckman, John, 326n

Russell, Charles E., 9:382-83n, 181, 228n, 261, 311

Russia, 559, 564; aid to, SG and, 310-12; American Alliance for Labor and Democracy mission to (not sent), 237, 238n; American League to Aid and Cooperate with, 313n, 507-12; conditions in, 120-21, 342; February Revolution in, 45, 45n; mission to U.S., 72n, 128n, 129-30; October Revolution in, 274, 279n; overthrow of Constituent Assembly in, 507-8, 512n; overthrow of Provisional Government in, 279n, 292; peace treaty with Germany, 344-45n, 353, 355n, 564; Provisional Government, 45, 45n; U.S. mission to (Root mission), 70-71, 71-72n, 89-90n, 120-21, 121n, 186, 191-92, 261, 311; and war effort, 88-89

Ryan, Edwin S., 370

Ryan, F. J., 370

Ryan, Frank M.,* 371n; letter from, 369-71

Ryan, Martin F., 9:*, 333n

S

Sadler, Samuel, 400n

Sailors' and Firemen's Union of Great Britain and Ireland, National, 549, 554n

Salvidge, A. T. J., 520, 523n

Sanders, William S., 554, 556n

Sat Ç , Aimaro, 193n

Savage, Thomas J., 19, 21n, 410n; wire to, 409-10

Scharrenberg, Paul,* 191-92, 193n

Schlesinger, Benjamin,* 380n, 469-70, 471n; letter from, 379-80

Schlossberg, Joseph,* 138, 139n

Schmidt, Frederick D., 403-4, 404n

Schmuck, Thomas K., 436, 436n

Schram, Louis B., 52n, 55, 56n

Scott, Alice, 467, 468n

Scott, Emmett J., 331, 331n, 345, 421, 426-27, 462

Scott, Hugh L., 30, 38n, 191-92

Scott, Leroy, 160, 161n

Scott, Melinda, 9:110n, 333n, 467, 467n, 543, 544n

"Scrap of paper" (Belgian neutrality treaty), 9:296n, 192, 201, 220, 564

Seamen's Union of America, International,* 204, 208n, 502n

Seattle and Vicinity, Central Labor Council of, 398, 400n

Second Employers' Liability Cases, 147n

Seddon, James A.,* 522, 524n

Sedition, American Alliance for Labor and Democracy and, 211-12, 259

Segar, Joseph, 167, 169n

Segregated unions, 216, 359, 431n; AFL and, 109, 347

Semple, Helen M. (Mrs. Samuel Semple), 99, 102n

Serbia, 559; indemnity, 88; mission to U.S., 72n

Shanks v. Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Railroad Co., 143, 147n

Shapiro, Sarah, 258-59, 261, 262n

Sharts, Joseph, 528, 529n

Sheet Metal Workers' International Alliance, Amalgamated,* 21n; jurisdiction of, 406n; local 263 (Cedar Rapids, Iowa), 368, 369n

Sheppard, Frank, 445-46, 447n

Sheppard, Morris, 8:424n, 291n

Shillady, John R., 345, 350n, 421, 429, 462

Shingle Weavers' Union of America, International,* 253n, 375; strike, 1917 (Pacific Northwest), 154, 155n, 182

Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 207n, 208, 209n, 221n, 360-61, 362-63n; Atlantic and Gulf Coast wage scale, 318n; and Carpenters and Joiners of America, United Brotherhood of, 317-18, 318-19n; creation of, 204, 207n; Delaware River and Baltimore wage scale, 362n; Newport News wage scale, 318n, 410n; North Atlantic wage scale, 362n; Pacific Coast wage scale, 209n, 362n

Shop committees, 455-56, 456n

Short, William H., 8:208n, 178

Short, William M.,* 333n, 400n; letter from, 397-400

Simons, Algie M., 6:445n, 181, 228n, 493n

Sims, Robert T., 215-17, 218-19n

Sinclair, Upton, 160, 161n, 181, 228n

Sisson, Edgar G., 495-96, 496n, 498

Sisson, Thomas U., 4:42n, 439n

Skemp, Joseph C., 8:279n, 44n

Slater, George H.,* 390, 391- 92n

Slobodin, Henry L., 9:383n, 237-38, 310

Small, W. L. 156-57n

Smith, J., 292

Smith, J. E., 213-14, 218n

Smith, John W., 439n

Smyth, J. A., 189n

Snyder, Edgar, 155n

Social Democratic Party of Germany, 2:371n, 269, 276

Social Democratic Party of Germany, Independent, 342-44, 344n

Socialist-labor conference, 1915 (London), 9:239-40n, 530

Socialist Party of America, 6:204n, 181, 225-26, 276, 510- 11, 523; convention, 1917 (St. Louis), 228n, 261

Socialists: AFL and, 463, 469-70, 471n, 475; SG and, 88, 90n, 94, 260-64, 269-70, 275-76, 392-95, 508-11, 561-63; in U.S., antiwar, 93, 93n, 94, 138, 225, 228n, 260-62, 392-94, 528-29, 529n; in U.S., prowar, 157n, 160-62n, 170n, 181, 182n, 210, 225-27, 228n, 261, 493 ( see also other specific countries)

Socialist Trade and Labor Alliance, 4:97-98n, 261, 264

Southern Pacific Co. v. Jensen, 144-45, 147n

Spangler, Jackson, 195n

Spanish-American War, 4:465-66n, 200, 559

Spargo, John, 157n, 160n, 181, 228n, 261, 492, 493n; letters from, 159-60, 235-38; letter to, 388-89

Spartacus League (Spartakusbund), 342-44, 344n

Speculator Mine disaster (Butte, Mont.), 126n

Spencer, William J.,* 19, 21n, 412n; letter from, 136-37; letter to, 83-84

Spitalfields district (East London), 524n

Springfield (Ill.) Consolidated Railway Co., strike against (1917-18), 263n

Spruce, production of, 245, 246n, 295-96, 296-97n, 299-300

Spruce Production Division, U.S. Army, 246n, 297n

"Spurlos Versenkt," 325, 326n

Square Deal, 8:314n, 390

State of Nebraska v. Employers of Labor et al., 252-53, 254n

Stead, Francis H., 523, 525n

Steam and Operating Engineers, International Union of, 7:*, 502n; local 379 (New York City), 381-82n

Steam Shovel and Dredge Men, International Brotherhood of, 502n

Stedman, Seymour, 528, 529n

Steelworkers' organizing campaign, 477-79, 479-80n, 500-502

Steghagen, Emma, 9:303n; wire from, 81-82

Stephens, William D., 93n, 387-88n, 397n, 507n, 534; letter to, 506; wire to, 396-97

Stevens, John F., 310, 312n

Stimson, Henry L., 170, 170n

"Stints," 116

"Stockholm" movement, 342-43, 355, 356n, 445, 465, 472

Stockyards Labor Council (Chicago), 280n, 302

Stokes, J. G. Phelps, 157n, 181, 182n, 228n, 236, 261

Stone, Melville, 89-90n

Stone, Warren S.,* 52n, 250, 252n

Stout, Harry H., 337, 339n

Stove Mounters International Union of North America,* 449n; strike, 1918-19 (Detroit), 447-49, 449n

Straus, Oscar S., 6:236n, 310, 313n

Street and Electric Railway Employes of America, Amalgamated

Association of, 9:*; division 587 (Seattle), 155n; division 758 (Tacoma, Wash.), 155n; division 761 (Springfield, Ill.), 263n; strikes: 1917 (Seattle), 154, 155n; 1917 (Tacoma), 154, 155n; 1917-18 (Springfield), 259, 263n

Strikes, in wartime, 59-61; National War Labor Board and, 408n; SG and, 59, 65-66, 117, 129, 171, 261, 282, 285n, 414, 432-33, 500

Strikes and lockouts

--agricultural workers: 1917 (general, threatened), 176n; 1918 (Puerto Rico), 314, 315-16n, 437

--boatmen: 1918 (New York Harbor, threatened), 380-81, 381- 82n, 432-33, 434n

--carpenters: 1917 (nationwide, threatened), 171, 171-72n; 1918 (Baltimore), 359-60, 362n; 1918 (Staten Island, N.Y.), 359-60, 362n

--cereal mill workers: 1917 (Cedar Rapids, Iowa), 369n

--copper miners: 1917 (Arizona), 125, 126n, 148-49, 167-68, 259, 262, 301, 321, 323-24n, 336-39; 1917 (New Mexico), 167, 169n

--garment workers: 1917 (New York City), 62n; 1917 (New York City), 336n; 1918 (New York City), 335, 336n

--in Germany, 1918, 342, 344-45n, 353

--hop field workers: 1913, 1914 (California), 9:507n, 247

--iron ore miners: 1916 (Mesabi Range), 9:489-90n, 247

--janitors: 1917 (Chicago), 216, 218n

--longshoremen: 1917 (Seattle, threatened), 137, 137-38n

--machinists: 1917 (Michigan, threatened), 187-88, 189n

--meatpackers: 1917 (Chicago, threatened), 279, 280n, 285n, 302-3, 442; 1917 (Denver), 214; 1917 (Kansas City), 214, 403, 404n; 1917 (Omaha), 214, 403, 404n

--metal miners: 1917 (general, threatened), 176n

--miners: 1909-10 (Cape Breton, Canada), 307, 308n; 1917 (Alabama, threatened), 287-88, 288n; 1917 (Butte, Mont.), 126, 126-27n; 1918 (Cape Breton, threatened), 307-8, 308n

--news dealers: 1918 (New York City), 335, 336n

--oil field workers: 1917-18 (Texas and Louisiana), 305, 306-7n

--pattern makers: 1917 (Brooklyn, threatened), 52-53

--shipyard workers: 1917 (Norfolk), 222-23, 223n; 1917 (Pacific Coast), 208-9, 209n, 259; 1918 (Beaumont and Orange, Tex.), 317-18, 318n; 1918 (Norfolk), 409-10, 410n, 411

--steelworkers: 1916 (Pittsburgh), 9:507n, 247; 1917 (Yorkville, Ohio), 79, 79n; 1918 (Birmingham, Ala.), 376-77, 378n, 385-86, 440-41

--stove mounters: 1918-19 (Detroit), 447-49, 449n

--streetcar workers: 1917 (Seattle), 154, 155n; 1917 (Tacoma, Wash.), 154, 155n; 1917-18 (Springfield, Ill.), 259, 263n

--sugar mill workers: 1917 (Cuba), 256, 257n

--telegraphers: 1918 (nationwide, threatened), 481, 482n, 485-86, 490n; 1919 (nationwide), 515- 16n

--textile workers: 1912 (Lawrence, Mass.), 8:325-26n, 247; 1913 (Paterson, N.J.), 8:503n, 247-48

--timber workers: 1917 (Pacific Northwest), 154, 155n, 182

"Stunts," 116

Stutz, Clara K., 439n; letter from, 438-39

Sudduth, Frank R., 110n; letter to, 109-10

Sullivan, James W.,* 73, 73n, 79n, 97, 142n, 305; letter to, 139-41

Sullivan, Jere L.,* 180n

Sullivan, John, 127, 128n

Sullivan, Olive M., 82n; wire from, 81-82

Survey, 388, 415

Sweat-shop system, 204

Sweetwater County, Wyo., Trades and Labor Council, 151, 152n

Swift meatpacking company, 152n

T

Tacoma Railway and Power Co., strike against (1917), 154, 155n

Taft, William H., 6:383n, 166n, 179n; and National War Labor Board, 440-41, 444; and War Labor Conference Board, 334n, 407

Tailors' Union of America, Journeymen,* 267, 267n

Taylor, Charles P., 245, 246n

Taylor, James A., 9:*, 472n

Teachers, American Federation of, 9:*; local 5 (New York City), 395n; local 16 (Washington, D.C.), 439n

Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Stablemen, and Helpers of America,

International Brotherhood of,* 60n; black workers and, 135; local 496 (Bisbee, Ariz.), 169n

Teitelbaum, Minnie, 467, 468n

Telegraphers' Union of America, Commercial,* 482n; strike, 1918 (nationwide, threatened), 481, 482n, 485-86, 490n; 1919 (nationwide), 515- 16n

Telegraph system, government control of, 482n; government ownership of, 341, 515

Telephone system, government control of, 482n; government ownership of, 341, 515

Tennessee Coal, Iron, and Railroad Co., strike against (1918), 376-77, 378n, 385-86, 440-41

Tennyson, Alfred Lord, 8:332n, 36, 39n

Texas State Federation of Labor, 6:388n, 390, 391n; convention, 1918 (San Antonio), 392n

Thomas, James H.,* 71, 72n, 492, 537, 551

Thomas, Percy,* 515n; letter from, 514-15

Thompson, Edward D., 372n; letter from, 371-72

Thompson, W. E., 187

Thompson, William B., 310, 312-13n, 512n

Thompson, William O., 9:88n, 139n; letter from, 138

Thurman, Allen G., letter to, 94-96

Tighe, M. F., 69-70n

Tillett, Benjamin,* 522, 524n

Timber workers, in Pacific Northwest, 245-46, 295-96, 299- 301, 375-76, 416-18, 486-89, 503

Timber Workers, International Union of,* 154n; organizing activities of, 375, 417-18, 418n, 486, 488, 503; strike: 1917 (Pacific Northwest), 154, 155n, 182

Tobin, Daniel J.,* 44n, 60n; elected AFL treasurer, 475; elected AFL vice-president, 266-67; letter from, 59-60; letter to, 65-67

Todd, Wilmer L., 459, 460n

Trades Union Congress of Great Britain, 4:*; meeting, 1895 (Cardiff), 3:665n, 525, 527n; meeting, 1909 (Ipswich), 7:490n, 525, 527n; meeting, 1918 (Derby), 504, 505n, 521-22, 525-27

Trade unions: need for organization of, 198; non-partisan political activity of, 258, 419; and "outsiders," 106-7, 160, 465, 527

Tri-City Central Trades Council et al. v. American Steel Foundries, 252, 253n

Tri-City Central Trades Council of Granite City, Madison, and Venice, Ill., 134-35, 136n

Trobitz, Charles T., 505n; letter from, 505

Trotsky, Leon, 508-10, 512n

Trowbridge, Lydia J., 83n; wire from, 81-82

TUC. See Trades Union Congress of Great Britain

Tumulty, Joseph P., 3, 4n, 53, 221n, 291n, 387, 391n; letter to, 390-91

Turati, Filippo, 552, 555n

Turkey, 568n

Tyler, Emily, 546n

U

Union shop, 61, 119, 119n, 128-29, 176, 229-30, 232-34, 235n, 254n, 287n, 318n, 408n

United Mine Workers of America et al. v. Coronado Coal Co. et al., 322, 323n

United Shoe Machinery Co., antitrust case against, 322, 323n

Unskilled workers, AFL and, 415-16

U.S. Army Base Hospital No. 37 (Dartford, Kent), SG visit to, 520, 524n

U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing, 229

U.S. Commission on Industrial Relations, 8:331-32n, 106, 107n

U.S. Food Administration, 313-14, 315n

U.S. Fuel Administration, 288n

U.S. Government Printing Office, 229

U.S. House of Representatives

--Committee on Agriculture, 111

--Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, 15, 17n, 123-24

--Committee on the Judiciary, 63, 64n

--Committee on Military Affairs, 63, 64n

U.S. Navy Department, 207n; and Ansonia case, 284n; and Pacific Coast shipbuilding workers' strike, 209n; and wages, 52-53, 86-87, 87n, 222-23, 223n. See also Cantonment construction agreement, extension of

U.S. Railroad Administration, 320n, 366, 382n, 494, 505n

U.S. Senate

--Committee on Commerce, 340, 340n

--Committee on Military Affairs, 64n, 513

U.S. Shipping Board, 204, 207- 8n, 220-21, 221n, 234, 318, 381n, 412, 452-53, 526

U.S. Steel Corp., 5:335n, 51, 377, 378n, 385-86, 391, 441; antitrust case against, 322, 323n

U.S. Telegraph and Telephone Administration, 515n

U.S. v. Cpl. John Washington et al., 326n

U.S. v. Cpl. Robert Tillman et al., 326n

U.S. v. Sgt. William Nesbit et al., 326n

U.S. v. Wells et al., 397-400, 400n

U.S. v. Wheeler et al., 324n

V

Vaccarelli, F. Paul A., 381n, 432; letter to, 380-81

Vail, Theodore N., 515, 515n

Valentine, Joseph F.,* 475n; elected AFL vice-president, 475

Van Deman, Ralph H., 436n; letter from, 434-36

Vanderlip, Frank A., 310, 312n

Van Dornes, Gus C., 19, 21n

Van Kleeck, Mary, 484n; letter from, 482-83

Vestibule schools, 483, 484n

Victor-American Fuel Co., 169n

Victor Emmanuel III, 550, 554n, 563

Viviani, René, 72n, 563, 567n

Vocational education. See Legislation, U.S.: Smith-Hughes Act

W

Walker, John H.,* 152n, 195n, 215, 259, 262n; and President's Mediation Commission, 195, 195n, 262; letter from, 295-96

Wallace, Edgar, 9:341n, 470n, 492, 493n

Wallace, William, 308n

Walling, William English, 6:413n, 389n; assessment of European situation, 341-44; and Russia, 90n, 512n; and Socialist party opposition to war, 181, 228n, 261; letter from, 356-57

Walsh, Francis P., 9:117n, 237-38; and National Labor Defense Council, 106, 107n; and packinghouse workers, 280n, 302; and War Labor Conference Board, 334n, 407

Walsh v. New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad Co., 143, 147n

Warheit (Truth), 9:405n, 157n

War Industries Board, 21n, 75n, 411, 412n

War Labor Conference Board, 334n, 408; creation of, 307n, 333-34, 334n, 407, 412n; statement of principles, 490n

War Labor Policies Board, 527, 527n

Warren District Trade Assembly (Bisbee, Ariz.), 150n, 224

Washington, Booker T., 4:408n, 331, 348, 358, 425

Washington Normal School, 439n

Washington State Federation of Labor, 5:450n, 398; convention, 1918 (Aberdeen), 488, 490n

Watt, Richard M., 222-23, 223n

Webb, Edwin Y., 8:448n, 64n

Webb, Sidney J., 8:304n, 112, 116, 118

Webster, Marion M., 5:158n, 280n

Wehle, Louis B., 119n, 207n, 230, 232-34; letter from, 119

Weinstock, Anna, 467, 468n

Welch, Maurice R.,* 492n; letter from, 491-92

Wells, Hulet M., 397-400, 400n

West, George P., 9:433n, 192, 193n

Western Central Labor Union (Seattle), 3:55n, 5:470n, 400n

Western Labor Union, 4:452-53n, 260, 264

Western Union Employees, Association (or Associated), 481, 482n

Western Union Telegraph Co., strike against (1918, threatened), 481, 482n, 485-86, 490n; strike against (1919), 515- 16n

Westminster conference (1917), 309n; statement of war aims, 309, 309-10n, 353, 356n

Wharton, Arthur O.,* 19, 21n, 385n, 427

Wheeler, brother, 245

Wheeler, Harry C., 126n, 324n, 337, 339n

Wheeling Steel and Iron Co., strike against (1917), 79, 79n

Whipple, Leonidas R., 484, 485n

White, Henry M., 154, 155n

White, Jacob, 143

White, John P.,* 23n; letter from, 22

Whitin, Ernest S., 450, 451n

Whitman, Charles, 77n

Wigmore, John H., 450, 451n

Willard, Daniel, 21n, 79n; letter from, 112-13; letter to, 77-79, 115-18

Willcox, William R., 9:164n, 320n

Willert, Arthur, 332, 333n

William D. Haywood et al. v. U.S., 243n

William II, 199, 268-71, 275, 527

Williams, H. H., 277, 279n

Williams, Herbert M., 185n

Williams, John,* 69-70n, 77-79, 79n, 266n

Williams, John E., 280n, 302-3, 304n

Wilson, James A,* 54n, 333n, 446, 464, 467n, 475; letter from, 52-53

Wilson, James H., 424, 431

Wilson, J. Havelock,* 492, 493n, 521

Wilson, Thomas Woodrow, 8:135n, 258, 260, 264, 371n, 526, 545; and AFL conventions 255, 255n, 283-84, 464; and Alabama miners' strike, 288n; and American entry into World War I, 3-4, 4n, 33, 38n, 49n, 200, 206, 210, 273-74; and Austrian peace proposal, 564, 567n; and Borland amendment, 455n; and carpenters' strike, 360, 362n; Committee on Labor, Council of National Defense, meeting with, 101, 102n, 282; and conscription, 514n; and deportations from Bisbee, Ariz., 150n, 168; and deportations from Gallup, N.Mex., 168; and eight-hour day, 281-82, 286; European attitude toward, 292-93, 563-64; and Franklin-Bouillon, 193n; and German peace proposal, 543, 544n; and Houston mutineers, 327n; and labor standards, maintenance of, 101, 124, 125n, 174, 204, 282; and literacy test for immigrants, 166n; and Little, murder of, 163n; and meatpackers' strike, threatened, 280n, 442; and Mooney-Billings case, 93n, 387, 388n, 395-96, 397n, 534; and National War Labor Board, 408n; and Overman bill, 412; and Pacific Coast shipbuilding workers' strike, 209n; and President's Mediation Commission, creation of, 126n, 195n, 205; and Puerto Rico, conditions in, 438n; SG, meetings with, 194-95, 195n, 205, 221n, 262, 387, 395-96, 497-98, 499n; and Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 207n; and telegraphers' strike, threatened, 482n, 485-86, 515, 515n; and Texas State Federation of Labor, 391-92n; and U.S. mission to Russia, 71-72n; and vocational education board, 47-48, 49n; war aims of ( see Fourteen Points); and War Industries Board, 412n; and war labor program, 333, 334n; letters to, 123-25, 148-49, 172-75, 220-21, 255, 287-91, 341, 436-37, 497-99, 513-14; wire to, 568

Wilson, William B.,* 38n, 78, 101, 104, 274, 286; and AFL Executive Council, meeting with, 31-34; and Alabama miners' strike, 288n; and Committee on Labor, Council of National Defense, 52n; and death of Sadie Gompers, 546n; and deportations from Bisbee, Ariz., 168; and Division of Negro Economics, 366-67; and financial support of American Alliance for Labor and Democracy, 498; and garment workers, wages of, 62n; and immigrant workers, 166n; and Labor Loyalty Week, 313n; and labor standards, maintenance of, 55, 56n; and longshoremen's strike, 137, 137n; and meatpackers' strike, threatened, 280n, 442; and miners' strike, 126; and oil field workers' strike, 306n; and organizers, harassment of, 69-70n, 404n, 519n; and pattern makers' strike, threatened, 53; and Puerto Rico, conditions in, 314; and Russia, conditions in, 512n; and SG trip to Europe, 473; and steelworkers' strike, 79; and telegraphers' strike, threatened, 482n, 485; and U.S. mission to Russia, 72n; as War Labor Administrator, 334n, 407, 408n, 411, 412n, 527n; cable from, 546n; letters from, 154, 333-34; letters to, 164-66, 194-95, 327, 395-97; memorandum of conversation with SG, 304-6

Wilson v. New et al., 17n

Window Glass Workers, National, 22n

Winship, Blanton, 284n

Winship, North, 555n

Wire Weavers' Protective Association, American,* 429, 431n

Wise, Stephen, 546n

Wolf, Morris, 528, 529n

Woll, Matthew,* 48n, 259, 261, 262n, 266, 358n; letter from, 46-48; letter to, 178-79

Woman suffrage, 212; AFL and, 469, 471n

Women's Trade Union League, National, 6:483n, 401

Women workers, 27-28, 219; AFL and, 107-8, 108n, 467, 467- 68n, 469, 470n; "equal pay for equal work," 43, 107-8, 108n, 467, 477, 483; SG and, 81, 82n, 96-102, 219n, 368-69, 401-2, 477, 482-83

Workers, struggle of, SG and, 197-98

Workmen's compensation legislation, 143-47, 147-48n

Workmen's Council for the Maintenance of Labor's Rights, 157n

"Work or Fight" draft provision, 450, 451n, 513-14, 514n, 538-39, 540n

Wood, Leonard, 9:331n, 37-38

Woodland, Thomas P., 459-60, 460n

Wootton, Harry E., 224, 225n

Wright, Chester M.,* 142n, 181, 225, 236, 544, 546n; and AFL mission to Europe (spring 1918), 333n; and American Alliance for Labor and Democracy, 157n, 162, 163n, 497n; and Russia, conditions in, 512n; letter to, 142

XYZ

Yager, Arthur, 9:74n, 313-14, 436-37

Yates, Rose A., 467, 468n

Young, C. Bethuel, 406n; letter from, 405-6

Young, Charles O.,* 186n, 246n, 417; letter from, 485-90; letter to, 245-46; wire to, 245

Zilliox, Truman M., letter to, 103-4

Zimmermann, Arthur, 34, 38n

Zimmermann telegram, 34, 38n

UP