A (Asterisks indicate glossary entries)

Abbett, Leon, 137, 138n

Abrahams, Henry,* 198-99, 198-99n, 407, 410

Abrams, Delegate. See Abrahams, Henry

Adams, Alva, 82, 88n

Adler, Felix,* 94, 94n

Advance, 97

AFL. See American Federation of Labor

Albright, Jacob, 319n

Ale and Porter Brewers' Association. See Brewers' Protective Union, Ale and Porter

Ale and Porter Brewers' local 33. See Brewers', Ale and Porter, local 33

Alien contract labor law, amendment of, 366, 366n

Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein. See German Workingmen's Association, General

Altgeld, John P.,* 53, 301, 304n

Altvater (carpenter?), 129

American Federation of Labor (AFL): affiliates, autonomy of, 76-77, 119, 122, 131, 139, 215, 262; affiliates, autonomy of, SG and, 362; affiliates, national and international, 95; constitution, ratification of amendments to, by referendum, 78; executive, power of, 141; growth of, 134; industrial divisions in, 175, 175n; journal, official, 25, 26n, 27, 37, 422, 425 (see also Union Advocate); lobbying committee, 410-11, 418, 422, 424; office, 81, 81n, 275; office boy, 26, 26n, 30; officers, election of, 226; 1887, 72, 79; 1888, 165; office typewriter, 223; per capita tax, 38, 39n, 77, 95-96, 134, 141, 165; president, salary of, 29, 72, 75, 77, 158, 228, 414, 429, 430n; president, term of office of, 411; quarterly financial report, 75, 93-94, 94n, 120, 158, 187, 203; secretary, salary of, 414; state branches of, 95-96; treasurer, salary of, 414

--conventions: 1886 (Columbus), 1:387, 15, 21, 23n, 261; 1887 (Baltimore), 18, 64-79 (news accounts of), 64n, 105, 189; 1888 (St. Louis), 105, 155, 156n, 165-72 (news accounts of), 174, 376; 1889 (Boston), 231, 232n, 249n, 255-56, 258-75 (news accounts of), 293, 294n, 346n; 1890 (Detroit), 378n, 383-416 (accounts of), 430; 1892 (Philadelphia), 346n

--Executive Council, 290, 293-94, 294n; circulars issued by, 112-15, 117-19, 299-301; composition of, 411-13; letters from, 121-22, 152-54; letters to, 26, 92-94, 110-12, 127, 157-58, 206-7, 223-24; meetings of: Apr. 1887, 36-37 (minutes); Feb. 1890, 282-83 (news account)

--federal labor unions (FLU), 95, 128, 128n; FLU 2479 (Birmingham, Ala.), 103n;
FLU 2703 (Chicago), 176, 176-77n; FLU 2705 (Sturgeon Bay, Wis.), 137, 138n;
FLU 3792 (Pittsburgh), 235, 235n

--local unions, directly affiliated (LU), 74, 95, 263-64, 268n; LU 2709 (spinners, cotton, Kearney, N.J.), 221, 222n; LU 2711 (marble, slate workers, and tile layers, Pittsburgh and Allegheny, Pa.), 217n; LU 3696 (electrical workers, Pittsburgh), 223n; LU 3723 (granite polishers, Barre, Vt.), 215, 217n, 282n; LU 3849 (laborers, Rochester, N.Y.), 251-52; LU 5105 (ice drivers and helpers, Pittsburgh), 315n; LU 5180 (plumbers, Columbus, Ohio), 366n

Amnesty Association, 60, 63n

Appel, George W.,* 110, 111n; letter to, 115-16

Appelhague, Delegate. See Applehagen, Emil

Applehagen, Emil, 169, 172, 173n, 356; letter to, 182-83

Apprenticeship system, 183n

Arbitration: "Coke region" case, 31-32, 32n; Morgen Journal, 371-74;
Philadelphia Tageblatt, 25, 26n, 37; SG and, 87-88

Arbitration law (New York), 5, 10n

Arbitration treaty, Anglo-American, 63, 64n

Archibald, James P.,* 120, 120n, 191, 257, 332

Archie, David, 172, 173n

Architectural Sheet Iron Cornice Workers' Union of Philadelphia, 110-11, 111n, 115-16

Arthur, Peter M.,* 148n, 181, 323-24, 335; letter to, 146-48

Arthur, T. M. See Arthur, Peter M.

Ashley, Alfred, 305-6

"At the Needle," 80, 80n

Aylsworth, Ira B., 1:*, 39n

B

Bacon, Henry J.,* 140n; letter to, 140

Bailey, George S., 181, 182n, 219

Bailey, William, 60, 63n

Bailey, William H.,* 18, 24n, 32n, 49, 50n, 340, 343n

Bakers' and Confectioners' International Union of America,  Journeymen,* 417n; Executive Council, 396. See also Bakers' National Union, Journeymen

Bakers' Association of New York and Vicinity, 240-41, 242n 241, 242n; letter to, 214-15

Bakers' local 1 (Chicago; independent), 202, 202n

Bakers' National Union, Journeymen,* 201, 202n, 235, 240-41, 242n; convention, 1886 (Pittsburgh), 241, 242n; Executive Council, 241; local 49 (Chicago), 202, 202n. See also Bakers' and Confectioners' International Union of America, Journeymen

Ball, William, 384, 385n

Baltimore, German Central Labor Union of, 388, 408n

Baltimore Federation of Labor, 68n, 188-89, 189n, 226, 228n, 388

Baltimore Musical Union. See Musical Union, Baltimore

Bandlow, Robert,* 407, 409n

Banford, Lawrence H.,* 138n; letter to, 138

Barbers' National Union, Journeymen,* 98n

Barend, Simon, 66, 68n

Barr, Matthew,* 55, 55n

Barrett, William H., 209, 210n

Barry, Thomas B., 1:*, 18-19

Barry, William J., 332, 337n

Barton, James A. See Barton, William E.

Barton, William E., 12, 13n, 340

Bartow, C. J.: letter to, 102-3

Bauer, Delegate. See Bower, Robert

Baur, Thomas, 245

Bayard, Thomas F., 156, 157n

Beaumont, Ralph,* 324, 325n

Bebel, August, 159n

Bechtold, Charles F.,* 397, 408n

Beckler, George H.,* 202, 202n

Bell, John, 332, 337n

Bellamy, Edward, 288n

Benefit system, Cigar Makers' International Union, 144-46

Benjamin, Alfred, and Co., boycott. See Boycotts: Benjamin, Alfred, and Co.

Benjamin, Philip P., 245, 245n

Berger, Frederick L., 98, 98n

Berk, Edward: letter to, 365-66

Billings, John S., 239, 240n

Bingham House Conference. See Labor conferences: Bingham House

Birmingham Trades Council, 355n

Black, William P., 62n

Blackmore, Henry H., 169, 172, 172n

Black workers, 152. See also Machinists, racial discrimination among

Blaine, James G., 170, 173n

Blair, Henry W., 1:326-27, 123, 268n, 278n; letter to, 366

Blaskovec, Henry: letter to, 207-8

Block, George G.,* 194, 194n, 241

Blodgett, Rufus, 137, 138n

Blumenberg, Robert, 367, 371n

Board of Walking Delegates, New York City, 120n, 305

Bohm, Ernest,* 192, 195n, 384-85, 387, 390, 393-95, 397; letters to, 195, 358-59, 362-63, 377-78

Boiler Makers, International Brotherhood of,* 173n, 235

Bondy, Isaac, 365n

Bonfield, John, 57, 58n

Boot and Shoe Manufacturers' Association, Rochester, 427n

Boot and Shoe Workers' International Union,* 18, 209n, 427n; convention, 1889 (Boston), 209, 209n, 212, 213n; local 117 (New York), 371n

Boston Central Trades and Labor Union, 1:166n, 101n, 157

Bower, Robert, 172, 173n

Boycotts: AFL support of, 76-77; bakers (1889), 242, 242n; Benjamin, Alfred, and Co. (1890), 348, 349n; brewers (1888-1902), 100-101, 101n, 107, 341; Fleischmann and Co. (1889-93), 417-18n; Fuller, Warren and Co. (1884-) 1:402n, 8; Philadelphia Tageblatt (1886-87), 25-26n; printers (1886), 343n; SG and, 107-8

Boyer, David P.,* 144n; letter to, 143-44

Boyle, Edward J. See Boyle, J. P.

Boyle, J. P., 66-67, 69n

Braunschweig, Richard, 384-85, 385n, 421

Braunschweig, Rudolph. See Braunschweig, Richard

Brewers', Ale and Porter, local 33, 408n

Brewers' Association, Ale and Porter. See Brewers' Protective Union, Ale and Porter

Brewers' Association, Philadelphia Lager Beer, 38, 42

Brewers' Association, U.S., 101n, 112-14, 115n, 203

Brewers' Board of Trade of New York and Vicinity, Lager Beer, 100-101, 101n, 107

Brewers' National Union,* 38, 38-39n, 42. See also Brewery Workmen of the U.S., National Union of the United

Brewers' Protective Union, Ale and Porter, 337n

Brewers' union (Detroit), 418

Brewery workers, 100-101, 101n, 113-14

Brewery Workmen of the U.S., National Union of the United,* 100-101, 101n, 113-15, 203n, 235; convention, 1889 (Cincinnati), 384, 385n; local 6 (St. Louis), 408n; local 59 (New York), 337n; National Executive Committee, 397. See also Brewers' National Union

Bricklayers' and Masons' International Union of America,* 131, 131n, 139, 235; convention, 1886 (St. Louis), 139n; convention, 1888, 139n; Executive Board, 139n; local 1 (Washington, D.C.), 70, 71n; local 4 (Reading, Pa.), 138-39, 139n

Brockmeyer, Herman F.,* 346n; letter to, 346

Broekmay, H. H., 245

Brooklyn Central Labor Union, 67, 68n, 177-78

Brophy, John, 12-14, 13n

Buchanan, Joseph R.,* 19, 23n, 287, 288n

Builders of the U.S., National Association of, 170, 173n, 175n; convention, 1890 (St. Paul), 300, 301n

Building Trades Council, National, 175, 175n

Bullock, Jacob C.,* 340, 343n

Burns, John E.,* 280, 281n, 399, 407, 426; letter from, 352-53; letter to, 350-51

Burt, Joseph H., 74-75, 76n, 79

Butler, Benjamin F., 1:269-70n, 382

C

Campbell, John, 60, 63n

Cannon, James, 358n; letter to, 357-58

Cannon, William J., 267, 268n, 269-70, 391

Capital: SG and, 91

Car builders' union (Allegheny City), 89

Carl, John H., 244

Carlton, Albert, 19

Carnegie, Andrew, 35, 36n

Carpenter, 133-34; letter to, 180

Carpenters, mass meeting of New York: letter to, 295

Carpenters and Joiners, American District of the Amalgamated Society of,* 296n, 305-6, 307n, 376

Carpenters and Joiners, Progressive Association of, 296n, 305, 342

Carpenters and Joiners, United Order of American, 1:458n, 99, 99-100n, 136, 296n, 305-6

Carpenters and Joiners of America, Brotherhood of,* 30n, 67, 71n, 99, 99n;
local 1 (Washington, D.C.), 70, 71n, 129n (see also Carpenters' local 1, independent); local 190 (Washington, D.C.), 71, 71n. See also Carpenters and Joiners of America, United Brotherhood of

Carpenters and Joiners of America, United Brotherhood of,* 99-100n, 118,
133-36, 165, 180, 235, 305, 376; capita tax, 133-34; convention, 1890 (Chicago), 376, 376n; and eight-hour movement, 1890, 163-64, 290, 293-95, 296n, 298-301, 314, 316-17; Executive Board, 136; Executive Board, letter to, 376; local 8 (Philadelphia), 133; local 33 (Boston), 133; local 56 (Los Angeles), 133; local 231 (Birmingham, Ala.), 102; local 513 (New York), 371n. See also Carpenters and Joiners of America, Brotherhood of

Carpenters' Council of Chicago, United, 296n

Carpenters' local 1 (Washington, D.C.; independent), 71n, 135-36

Carpenters of New York and Vicinity, United Order of. See Carpenters and Joiners, United Order of American

Carr, Alfred J., 68, 69n

Carrick, Michael P.,* 315n; letter to, 314-15

Carson, John, 332

Cavanaugh, George,* 376, 376n

Census: 1880, 239, 249; 1890, 236-40, 248-49, 347-48

Census act: 1879, 236, 240n, 249; 1889, 236-40, 240n, 249

Central bodies: affiliation with AFL, 75

Chicago, Amalgamated Building Trades Council of, 175n

Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, 108n

Chicago: election, 1879, 404, 409n; election, 1886, 404-5, 409n; factory inspection ordinance, 404, 409n

Chicago, Trade and Labor Assembly of, 1:166, 63n, 128, 301, 304

Chicago, United Carpenters' Council of. See Carpenters' Council of Chicago,
United

Chicago Central Labor Union, 60, 63n, 202, 304

Chicago Platt Deutsche Gilde, 60

Child labor, 153, 289, 289n; SG and, 48, 83-84, 156. See also Woman and
child labor, international conferences on

Child labor law (New York), 3-4, 10n

Childs, George W., 35, 36n

Cigar industry: machinery in, 124-25; in New York, 124-26

Cigar Makers' International Union of America,* 13, 14n, 20, 25, 65, 67, 118, 129-30, 165, 235, 361; benefit system, 144-46, 146n; and cigar industry in New York, 124-26; convention, 1885 (Cincinnati), 130, 130n; convention, 1887 (Binghamton, N.Y.), 129-30, 130n; convention, 1889 (New York), 146n; Executive Board, 130n; local 6 (Syracuse, N.Y.), 1:139n, 13n; local 32 (Louisville, Ky.), 308, 314n; local 42 (Hartford, Conn.), 130n; local 90 (New York; Cigar Makers' Progressive International Union), 371n; local 97 (Boston), 208, 208n; local 144 (New York), 1:46, 146, 146n; local 284 (Barnesville, Ohio), 75, 76n; letters to, 129-30, 144-46

Clark, George W.,* 407, 409n

Class struggle, 419

Clerks, 355-56

Clerks' National Protective Association of America, Retail,* 356n

Cleveland, Grover, 127, 127n, 132-33

Cloak and Suit Cutters' Association, United (New York), 349, 349n

Cloakmakers', Operators' and, local 1 (New York), 349, 349n, 371n

Clothing Cutters' Association, United, 338n

Clothing Cutters' Progressive Union, 367

Clothing Cutters' Union of New York, Independent, 36, 37n

Clothing cutters' unions (New York), 385, 385n

Clothing Manufacturers' Association, 348, 349n

Cochrane, Arthur D., 212n

Cohnfeld's, wage reduction at, 155, 155n

"Coke region" arbitration case. See Arbitration: "Coke region" case

Cole, Harry, 258

Columbian Exposition, World's, 1893 (Chicago), 233n, 345, 346n

Commonwealth Boot and Shoe Factory, 208, 209n

Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 (Engels), 149, 150n, 156

Condition of Women Workers under the Present Industrial System (Van Etten), 415-16, 417n

Conferences, labor. See Labor conferences

Conferences on woman and child labor, international. See Woman and child labor, international conferences on

Congresses, international labor. See Labor congresses, international

Conklin, Edward J., 332, 337n

Conklin, Mr.: letter to, 359

Conkling, Labor Inspector, 343

Connecticut State Branch, AFL, 25, 26n, 140

Connolly, James, 288-89, 289n

Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act of 1875 (Great Britain), 151, 152n

Conspiracy laws, industrial: England, 151, 152n; New York, 6, 151, 152n; SG and, 151

Consumers' League, National, 155n

Contract Laborers, House Select Committee to Inquire into the Importation of. See House Select Committee to Inquire into the Importation of Contract Laborers, etc.

Contract labor law, alien, amendment of, 366, 366n

Contract labor law, convict (New York), 4-5, 10n, 320, 320n, 363

Contractors' union (New York), 349n

Cook, John H., 374, 375n

Cooney, William J. T., 66, 68n

Cooper, Edward, 244, 245n

Cornice Makers' Union of Philadelphia. See Architectural Sheet Iron Cornice Workers' Union of Philadelphia

Costello, John,* 332, 337n, 343

Costello, Thomas. See Costello, John

Cox, P., Shoe Co., 427-28n

Craftsman: letter to, 39-41

Cremer, William R., 64n, 79; letter to, 63-64

Critic: letter to, 229

Crowe, Robert, 184n, 194

Crowell, Henry P., 38, 38n

Culp, Mr., 35

Culver, E. O., 332

Culver, Oscar D., 332, 337n

Cutters', Contractors', and Cloakmakers' Unions, Amalgamated Board of, 349n

D

Daley, Edward L.,* 23n, 75, 76n, 228, 267

Dalton, Hugh, 373

Daly, James J., 392, 396, 398-99, 402, 408n, 410, 414

Danryid, Lemuel, 163, 188n

Dant, Clements T., 38, 39n

Darrow, Clarence S.,* 301, 304, 304n

Dawkins, Clinton E., 351

Debs, Eugene V.,* 219, 220n; letter to, 361-62

Delabar, August,* 202n, 242, 385, 394-96, 417n, 421; letter to, 201-2

De Leon, Daniel, 55n

Denver Trades and Labor Assembly, 287, 288n

Depew, Chauncey M., 335, 338n

Derossi, Mr., 149

Detroit Trade and Labor Council, 67, 69n

Deutsch-Amerikanische Bäcker-Zeitung, 241, 242n

Deutsch-Amerikanische Buchdrucker-Zeitung, 213n

Devlin, John,* 198-99, 198n, 332, 343

Dewey, Adelbert M.,* 132n; letter from, 131-32; letter to, 132-33

Diehl, Fred. W., 245

Dillon, William J.,* 167, 171-72, 172n, 264

Dixon, Charles G., 60, 63n

Dock laborers (London), 350-52

Donnelly, Patrick H.,* 51n; letters to, 51, 101-2

Donovan, Florence F., 1:361n, 7

Dorn, Henry, 1:462n, 143

Dougherty, Delegate, 367

Doyle, John J., 332, 338n

Drexel, Anthony J., 35, 36n

Drillers, 287

Drinking: SG and, 308-9. See also Temperance movement, SG and

Dryer, Ferdinand, 245

Dunn, John D., 55

Dyer, Josiah B.,* 207, 207n, 281; letters to, 215-17, 293-94

E

Ebert, Joseph W., 32, 36n

Eby, George M.,* 356n; letters to, 355-56, 364-65

Economic and Social Importance of the Eight-Hour Movement (Gunton), 188n

Edmonston, Gabriel,* 28n, 66, 71, 71n, 77, 79; letters to, 27-30, 38, 41, 123, 129, 159-60, 344, 356-57

Ehmann, John: letter to, 234-35

Eight-hour law, 1:229n, 165-66, 166n, 264

Eight-hour movement, 1886, 1:276-77, 61-62, 149, 155-56, 170-71, 231, 260-61, 334, 344

Eight-hour movement, 1890, 278, 298-99, 334; AFL 1888 convention and, 162-63, 165, 167-72, 276, 291, 307, 314; AFL 1889 convention and, 163, 264-68, 276, 291, 307; AFL 1890 convention and, 164; assessment in support of, 163, 266, 268, 291-92, 317; carpenters and, 163-64, 290, 293-95, 296n, 298-301, 305-7, 314, 316-17; circulars on, 278-80, 291-92; conferences in support of, 223, 224n, 225; congressional resolution on, 278, 278n, 280; correspondence with public figures in support of, 225, 226n, 231, 243, 253, 280, 314; financial appeal in support of, 291-92, 299-301; general strike in support of, 226-27, 334, 338n; International Labor Congress, endorsement by, 106; KOL and, 163, 229-31, 242-43, 252-55, 255n, 267, 335-36, 342, 354; mass meetings in support of, 163, 168, 183-86, 184n, 189, 193, 223, 231-32, 243, 253, 279-80, 287-88, 301, 314; in New York City, 183-86, 184n, 192-94, 295, 296n, 305-7, 315-16; pamphlets in support of, 163, 168, 188, 188n, 206, 253, 280; selection of union to lead, 266, 276-77, 283, 290-91, 293-94; SG' addresses in support of, 302-4, 308-14, 316; strikes in support of, 177-78, 244, 254

Eight-hour movement, 1891, 413-14, 424; assessment in support of, 413-14; miners and, 163-64, 413-16, 430

Eight Hour Primer (McNeill), 188n, 206n, 286

Election campaign: 1888, SG and, 45

Electrical Union 3696 (Pittsburgh), 223n

Elliott, John T.,* 74, 76n, 275; letter from, 417; letters to, 120, 247-48, 283-84, 428-29

Ely, Richard T.,* 36, 36n, 65, 78, 189

Employees: interests of, SG and, 380; rights of, SG and, 379-82

Employers: membership in AFL, 375, 375n; membership in trade unions, 33; political power of, 83

Emrich, Henry,* 55, 55n, 77, 169, 171-72, 243, 272, 358, 387, 393, 395

Engel, George,* 53, 55n, 56, 59

Engels, Friedrich, 149, 149-50n, 156, 159n

Engineers, Eccentric Association of, local 3, 371n

Erb, Charles M., 1:369n, 418

Ethical Culture, New York Society for, Workingmen's School of the, 94n

Ethical Culture, Young Men's Society for. See Ethical Culture, Young Men's Union for

Ethical Culture, Young Men's Union for, 94, 94n

Evangelical Association, 319n

Evans, Christopher,* 23n, 256n, 275, 275n, 283, 292, 301, 393

F

Factory Act of 1867 (England), 109, 110n

Factory inspection law (New York), 7, 11n, 288-89, 289-90n

Factory inspection ordinance (Chicago), 404, 409n

Factory inspectors, women, 176, 288-89, 289-90n

Farnham, Milton G., 98, 98n

Feather Workers' Union, 155n

Fédération française des travailleurs du livre, 108n

Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions of the U.S. and Canada (FOTLU), 260-61; convention, 1881 (Pittsburgh), 155, 156n, 260; convention, 1884 (Chicago), 61-62, 63n, 155, 170, 260; convention, 1885 (Washington, D.C.), 155, 157n; convention, 1886 (Columbus), 261

Ferguson, William: letter to, 371-74

Ferrell, Frank J.,* 53, 55, 55n

Field, David D., 289, 289n

Fielden, Samuel,* 53, 55n, 56, 59

Finklestone, Edward,* 98n; letter to, 98

Fischer, Adolph,* 53, 55n, 56, 59

Fish, Nicholas, 245, 247n

Fitzgibbon, James H.,* 137, 138n; letter to, 141-42

Fitzpatrick, Patrick F.,* 21, 23n, 25; letter to, 292-93

Flannigan, Patrick M., 22, 23n

Fleischmann, Charles, 417n

Fleischmann, Louis, 417n

Fleischmann and Co. boycott. See Boycotts: Fleischmann and Co.

Fletcher, John, 332

Flint Glass Workers' Union of North America, American,* 134, 135n

Foran, Martin A.,* 184, 184n

Ford, Melbourne H., 143n

Ford, Thomas J., 257-58

Ford Investigating Committee. See House Select Committee to Inquire into the Importation of Contract Laborers, etc.

Foster, Frank K.,* 171-72, 173n, 259, 269, 275, 390-91, 398-99, 410-11, 413-14

Foster, William H.,* 62, 63n

FOTLU. See Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions of the U.S. and Canada

Founders' Order of the Knights of Labor, 19, 174, 174n

Fraeber, Delegate, 367

Francis, Charles S., 341, 343n

Free Trade (Marx), 148, 149n

Fuhrman, Alfred,* 203n; letter to, 202-3

Fuller, Warren and Co. boycott. See Boycotts: Fuller, Warren and Co.

Furlong, Thomas, 224, 224n

Furniture Workers' Union of America, International,* 173n; local 7, 384; local 39, 371n

G

Gallagher, Daniel J., 27, 28n, 29

Garment Workers' Association, United, 349n

George, Henry,* 45, 47, 48n, 51, 369; debate with Sergius Shevitch, 398, 408n

George Washington Club, 211, 212n

German Central Labor Union of Baltimore. See Baltimore, German Central Labor Union of

German Exchange Bank, 36

German Workingmen's Association, General, 1:43n, 159n

Gerry, John, 332

Glackin, Everett, 55, 55n

Glasso, Charles, 340, 343n

Goettache, Edward, 60

Goldwater, Samuel,* 66, 69n; letter to, 96-97

Gompers, Henry Julian, 1:*, 26n

Gompers, Samuel: addresses by, 3-10, 32-35, 57-58, 81-88, 100-101, 169-70, 184-86, 257, 259-63, 302-4, 308-16, 321-23, 325, 348-49, 392-402, 405-8; article by, 378-82; description of, 214, 297; editorials by, 58-59, 80; nominations for political office, 45, 244-47, 249-51, 359, 369; interviews with, 46-48, 64-66, 124-26, 160-62, 276-77, 298-99, 338-43, 423-27
--trips: western trip (1887), 65-66; western trip (1888), 81-88, 90, 92-93, 97, 157; New England trip (1888), 123, 123n

Gompers, Samuel Julian,* 344, 344n, 356-57

Gompers, Simon (SG's uncle),* 367, 370, 371n

Gompers, Sophia Julian, 1:*, 430

Goodacre, James J., 129-30, 130n

Goschen, George J., 325, 326n, 349-52; letter from, 351; letter to, 350

Gotha Congress (1875), 159n

Gould, Jay, 1:101n, 33, 341

Grace, William R., 1:173n, 244

Granite cutters, 116

Granite Cutters' National Union of the U.S. of America,* 116-17, 117n, 217n, 235; National Union Committee, 293-94

Granite Manufacturers' Association (Barre, Vt.), 294, 294n

Granite Polishers' Union 3723 (Barre, Vt.), 215, 217n, 282n

Grant, Hugh J., 377n; letter to, 377

Grant, James, 271, 272n

Grauber, Henry. See Gruber, Henry C.

Green, Frank: letter to, 196-97

Gronland, Laurence, 288n

Gruber, Henry C., 332, 337n

Gunton, George, 163, 188n

Gutenberg Bund, 26n

H

Haas, Mr., 125-26

Haines, Elijah H., 62n

Haller, Frederick,* 55, 55n, 166, 171; letter to, 120-21

Hamburger, I., and Sons, 189, 189n

Hamerand, John, 332, 337n

Hameron, John. See Hamerand, John

Hamlin, Frank D., 252n; letter to, 251-52

Hammer, 112

Hanly, Martin A.,* 53, 55, 55n

Harris, Daniel,* 184, 186n, 393

Harris, George,* 27, 28n

Harrison, Benjamin, 233n, 277, 278n, 346n

Harrison, Carter, 57, 58n, 409n

Hartmann, Louis,* 128n; letter to, 128

Haskell, Burnette G.,* 287, 288n

Hasson, Samuel B.,* 65, 68n

Hayes, John W.,* 24n, 131-32, 132n, 181, 212, 219, 230, 243, 332, 342-43

Hayes, Rutherford B., 225n; letter to, 225

Haymarket defendants, campaign for clemency for, 53-62, 55n, 58n

Hebrew Mutual Benefit Society, 117n

Hecker, A., 367, 371n

Heffernan, John, 271, 272n

Herbrand, Louis,* 42n, 113; letter to, 42

Hicks, Henry A., 332, 338n

Hill, David B.,* 6-7, 9, 11n, 110n, 320n, 359; letters to, 108-10, 320, 363-64

Himmelsbach, Henry, 252n; letter to, 251-52

Hiscock, Frank, 123, 123n

History and Philosophy of the Eight-Hour Movement (Danryid), 188n

Hitchcock, Thomas. See Marshall, Matthew

Hod carriers,* 131, 131n

Hod hoisting engineers' union (New York), 295

Hoehn, E. A. See Hoehn, Gottlieb A.

Hoehn, Gottlieb A.,* 388, 408n

Holland, James J.,* 332, 337n, 343

Holland, John. See Holland, James J.

Holland, Thomas, 75, 76n, 79

Holmes, Shipley R., 375n; letter to, 374-75

Home Club, 1:404n, 14, 14-15n, 21, 23n

Hood, Thomas, 80, 80n, 83

Horse car railroad employees, 150

Hours of labor, limitation of, 153. See also Eight-hour movement, 1886; Eight-hour movement, 1890; Eight-hour movement, 1891; eight-hour movement; labor, hours of

House Select Committee to Inquire into the Importation of Contract Laborers, etc., 142, 143n

Housesmith's Benevolent and Protective Union of the City of New York, 337n

Howard, Robert,* 17, 259, 259n, 271-72

Howes, John, 1:456n, 33, 35

Huntley, Frederick, 332, 337n

Hutchinson, Lee C., 175n; letter to, 175

Hysell, Nial R.,* 256n, 271, 272n

I

Ice Drivers' and Helpers' Union 5105 (Pittsburgh), 315n

Illinois, Coal Miners' Benevolent and Protective Association of. See Miners' Benevolent and Protective Association of Illinois, Coal

Illinois State Federation of Labor, 202, 202n

Illinois Women's Alliance, 176n

Improved Order of the Knights of Labor, 19

Incorporation of trade union law (New York), 6, 11n

Industrial conspiracy law (New York), 6, 151, 152n

Ingersoll, Robert G., 184, 184n, 289

Ireland, 79

Ireland, American Committee for the Relief of Famine in, 377, 377n

Iron and Steel Workers, Amalgamated Association of,* 24, 24n, 134, 135n, 235; lodge 15, 343n

Iron molders' union (New York), 332

Iron Molders' Union of North America,* 16n, 165, 235

Ives, Eben C., 170, 172, 173n, 268

Ives, Harry M.,* 267-68, 268n

J

Jablinowski, Adolph. See Jablinowski, Ludwig

Jablinowski, Ludwig,* 367, 371n

Jaquith, Leon, 198-99n

Jenney, Charles A., 348n; letter to, 347-48

John Swinton's Paper, 39n

Johnson, A. G., Jr., 55, 55n

Johnson, Alexander, 171, 173n

Johnstown, Pa., flood, 213, 213n

Jones, Arthur R., and Co., 208

Journal of United Labor, 132

Junio, John J.,* 12, 13n, 340

Jury duty, in New York, 8

K
Kassel, Charles, 275, 275n

Katzenmayer, Richard, 113-14, 115n

Kean, Edward J.,* 363-64, 364n

Kelley, Florence.* See Wischnewetzky, Florence Kelley

Kelly, Michael J., 55, 56n

Keufer, Auguste,* 18, 105, 108n; letters to, 107-8, 133-35, 173-74, 317-18

Killarn, James. See Killoran, John

Killoran, John, 332, 337n

King, Andrew J., 68, 69n

King, Edward,* 53, 55, 55n, 62, 184

Kirchner, G. F., 106

Kirchner, John S.,* 70, 71n, 72-74, 77, 79, 156, 166-67, 171, 187, 263, 272, 361n; letters to, 179, 187, 360-61

Klein, John, 116-17

Kliver, William H.,* 171, 173n

Knights of Labor (KOL): and AFL, 17-19, 39-40, 69-71, 71n, 73-74, 78-79, 208-9, 217-18, 273-75, 332-36, 338-43, 353-55; and AFL, conferences with: Aug. 29, 1889, 229-32, 234; Oct. 14, 1889, 232n, 242-44, 274; decline of, 134; education fund, 101-2, 102n; and eight hours, 170; election of officers of, 227; factionalism within, 19, 174 (see also Founders' Order of the Knights of Labor; Improved Order of the Knights of Labor); General Executive Board, 1:401n, 20-21; and New York State Workingmen's Assembly, 11-12, 13n, 14; and trade unions, 17-22, 24, 30-31, 33-35, 39-40, 49, 102, 194, 198, 204, 207-9, 212, 292-93
--district assemblies (DA): DA 1, 38-39n; DA 30, 24n; DA 49, 1:383n, 14-15n, 20, 55n, 58n, 142; DA 57, 296n; DA 66, 71, 71n; DA 75, 197n; DA 89, 21, 23n; DA 135 (see National Trade Assembly [NTA] 135); DA 197, 337n; DA 210 (see NTA 210); DA 220, 338n; DA 226 (see NTA 226); DA 227 (see NTA 226); DA 246, 382n; DA 253, 337n
--general assemblies: 1886 (Richmond), 20-21, 23n, 342; 1887 (Minneapolis), 50n, 78; 1889 (Atlanta), 227, 228n, 230-31, 243, 255n, 256n; 1889, letter to, 252-55
--local assemblies (LA): LA 80, 208, 208n; LA 1784, 71n; LA 1809, 13n; LA 2327, 20, 22n; LA 2410, 99n; LA 2531, 99n; LA 2588, 99n; LA 2853, 338n, 349n; LA 2888, 337n; LA 2914, 337n; LA 3973, 337n; LA 5214, 338n; LA 6085, 13n; LA 7086, 39n; LA 7087, 39n; LA 7148, 337n; LA 7482, 315n; LA 7643, 337n; LA 8390, 337n
--national trade assemblies (NTA): NTA 126, 74, 76n; NTA 135,* 30-31, 32n, 51, 256; NTA 210, 337n; NTA 216, 18, 212, 213n; NTA 226, 150, 150n, 197n, 286, 286n, 337n; NTA 231, 349n
--state assembly: Alabama, 355n

Knights of St. Crispin, 411, 413n

KOL. See Knights of Labor

Kurzenknabe, Ernst,* 203, 203n, 384-85, 397

L

Labadie, Joseph A.,* 269, 272, 272n

Labor: organization, need for, 117-19, 121-22; political action by, 9 (see also Trade unions, and party politics)

Labor conferences: Troy, N.Y. (1888), 151, 152n; Bingham House, Philadelphia (Feb. 14, 1889), 181, 218-19; agreement, 194, 198-201, 204-5, 210n, 212, 215, 217-18; agreement, text of, 219-220; call for, 178-79; news account of, 181; Chicago (1893), 345, 346n, 383. See also American Federation of Labor (AFL), and Knights of Labor (KOL), conferences with; KOL, and AFL, conferences with

Labor congresses, international: 1888 (London), 105, 134, 135n, 158-59, 165, 166n, 174; London congress, letter to, 152-54, 156; 1889 (Paris), 105-6, 159n, 166n, 174, 279, 318; 1889 (Zurich), 158, 159n, 174; 1891 (Brussels), 383, 383n; 1893 (Chicago; see Labor conferences: Chicago, 1893)

Labor Day law (New York), 6, 11n

Labor movement: as creator of wealth, SG and, 82-83; divisions in, ethnic, SG and, 251-52, 346, 349; need for organization of, SG and, 86-88, 147

Labor Standard, 29

Laborers' Union 3849 (Rochester, N.Y.), 251-52

Lake, Emmett J.,* 150n; letter to, 150

Lake, Obadaiah R.,* 172, 173n, 213

Lasters' Protective Union, New England,* 24, 24n, 235

Latrobe, Ferdinand C., 66-69, 68n

Lauer, Martin, 319n; letter to, 318-19

Laughlin and Junction Steel Co., 24n

Lavery, John T., 355n; letter to, 353-55

La Vine, John W., 169, 172, 172n, 301

Layton, Harry B., 430, 430n

Leader, 48n

Leahy, Jeremiah J.,* 181, 182n

Lee, Labor Inspector, 343

Lee, William S., 82, 88n

Legislation, Great Britain: Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act of 1875, 151, 152n; Factory Act of 1867, 109, 110n

Legislation, New York: arbitration law, 5, 10n; child labor law, 3-4, 10n; contract convict labor law, 4-5, 10n, 320, 320n, 363; factory inspection law, 7, 11n, 288-89, 289-90n; incorporation of trade union law, 6, 11n; industrial conspiracy law, 6, 151, 152n; Labor Day law, 6, 11n; mechanics' lien law, 5, 10-11n; railroad employees, twelve-hour law for, 4, 10n; Saturday Holiday Act, 108-10, 110n

Legislation, U.S.: alien contract labor law, amendment of, 366, 366n; eight-hour law, 1:229n, 165-66, 166n, 264

Leitchman, Charles H. See Litchman, Charles H.

Lennon, John B.,* 243, 244n, 258, 263, 270, 391, 410

Le Vine, J. W. See La Vine, John W.

Levy, Nathan E., 244

Liebknecht, Wilhelm, 159n; letter to, 158-59

Lies, George P., 125, 126n

Lingg, Louis,* 53, 55n, 56, 59

Lipe, Morris, 417, 418n

Litchman, Charles H.,* 50n, 323; letter to, 48-50

Lloyd, Henry D.,* 301, 304n

Locomotive Engineers, Brotherhood of,* 107, 108n, 146-48, 335, 339; convention, 1888 (Richmond), 146, 148, 148n

Locomotive Firemen, Brotherhood of,* 108n, 182n, 218, 335;convention, 1890 (San Francisco), 361, 362n

Locomotive Switchmen, Brotherhood of. See Switchmen's Mutual Aid Association of the U.S. of America

London Trades Council, 399

Long Island Protective Association, 338n

Luce, Cyrus G., 384, 385n, 419

Luke, Charles, 35, 36n

UP